Ethiopia Weather in March

Average Temperatures in March

March marks the beginning of the transition from the dry season to the start of the rainy season in Ethiopia. The weather is generally warm to hot, depending on the region, with significant variations due to the country’s diverse geography. Ethiopia’s highland regions experience milder temperatures, while the lowland areas and the eastern part of the country can be quite hot. As the month progresses, temperatures tend to rise, but the weather remains generally favorable for outdoor activities, especially in the highlands.

Highest and Lowest Temperatures

In Addis Ababa, the capital city situated in the central highlands, March temperatures are moderate and pleasant. Daytime highs typically range from 22°C to 26°C (71.6°F to 78.8°F), while the evenings cool down to around 10°C to 14°C (50°F to 57.2°F). This makes it an ideal time for visitors to explore the city, with the mild climate providing a comfortable experience for walking and sightseeing.

In the lowland areas like Dire Dawa and Jigjiga, March can be significantly hotter. Daytime temperatures average between 30°C and 35°C (86°F to 95°F), with nighttime lows falling to 20°C to 24°C (68°F to 75.2°F). The heat is more intense here, particularly in the eastern regions, which are closer to the desert.

In the highlands of Gondar, Lalibela, and Bahir Dar, temperatures are more moderate. Daytime highs in these regions average between 25°C and 28°C (77°F to 82.4°F), while nighttime lows can drop to 15°C to 18°C (59°F to 64.4°F), making these areas much more pleasant during March compared to the lowland regions.

In the Danakil Depression, one of the hottest places on Earth, the weather in March is scorching, with temperatures often surpassing 40°C (104°F) during the day. This region is inhospitable due to its extreme heat and lack of rainfall, and travelers should exercise caution when venturing here.

Table: Average Temperatures and Precipitation in March (Past 10 Years)

From the table, we can observe that Addis Ababa and the highland areas like Gondar and Lalibela tend to have moderate temperatures, with highs ranging from 22°C to 27°C (71.6°F to 80.6°F) and lows between 11°C and 17°C (51.8°F to 62.6°F). In contrast, the lowland regions like Dire Dawa experience much hotter temperatures, with highs between 32°C and 36°C (89.6°F to 96.8°F) and lows between 21°C and 24°C (69.8°F to 75.2°F). Precipitation remains low in March, with most regions receiving between 25mm and 35mm of rain.

Precipitation Levels

March is considered the start of the rainy season in Ethiopia, though rainfall is still relatively light compared to the heavier rains that occur later in the year, particularly from June to September. The highland regions receive more precipitation than the lowland areas, with coastal and desert regions remaining dry for much of the month.

Rainfall Patterns

In Addis Ababa, March experiences moderate rainfall, with 20mm to 35mm of precipitation on average. The rain tends to come in the form of scattered showers or short bursts, often accompanied by cloud cover and slightly cooler temperatures. The rains help to prepare the landscape for the upcoming planting season, as much of Ethiopia’s economy relies on agriculture.

Dire Dawa, being in a more arid region of the eastern part of the country, receives very little rainfall in March. Precipitation is minimal, averaging around 5mm to 10mm. While the region can experience some light showers, it is not typical for this area to see significant rain until later in the year.

In Gondar and Lalibela, the highlands experience more consistent rainfall, with 25mm to 30mm of rain. March is the beginning of the rainy season in these areas, and the rainfall supports agricultural activities. The cooler temperatures, combined with the rain, make it an ideal time for trekking and exploring the highlands.

Snowfall

Snowfall in Ethiopia is extremely rare in March, except in the highest mountain ranges, such as Ras Dashen in the Simien Mountains, where temperatures can drop below freezing at night. However, even in these regions, snow is not a common occurrence and is generally only seen in the coldest months, such as December or January.

Wind Patterns

March is characterized by mild winds across Ethiopia, particularly in the highlands. The wind speeds are generally moderate, and while dust storms are possible in the lowlands, they are less frequent than in the summer months.

Coastal Winds

In the lowland areas near the Somali border, like Jigjiga and Dire Dawa, winds can become stronger, particularly in the afternoon. These winds can bring dust and dry air, and sandstorms can occur in more desert-like areas. Winds here can reach 20 km/h to 30 km/h (12 mph to 18.6 mph), which can reduce visibility and create a dry, harsh environment.

Highland Winds

In the highlands around Addis Ababa, Gondar, and Lalibela, winds are typically lighter, ranging from 10 km/h to 20 km/h (6 mph to 12 mph). These areas are shielded from the harsher winds in the desert and coastal regions and typically experience more pleasant, cool breezes. The winds here are not as intense, which makes it ideal for outdoor activities such as trekking and sightseeing.

Atmospheric Pressure

March in Ethiopia sees relatively stable atmospheric pressure as the transition from dry to wet weather begins. The shift in the weather systems during this time creates fluctuations in atmospheric pressure, particularly in the highland regions where the rainfall begins to pick up.

Low-Pressure Systems

As March progresses, low-pressure systems associated with the start of the rainy season begin to form. These systems bring light to moderate rains and cooler temperatures, particularly in the central and highland areas. These low-pressure systems do not tend to cause dramatic weather changes, but they do help mark the transition to the upcoming wet season.

Considerations for Travelers in Ethiopia During March

Traveling to Ethiopia in March offers a unique opportunity to experience the country’s transitional weather. However, there are some important considerations to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip.

Packing Essentials for March

Given the variability in temperatures across Ethiopia, packing for a trip in March requires planning for both warm and cool conditions. In Addis Ababa and other highland areas like Gondar and Lalibela, light layers are ideal for daytime temperatures, but warmer clothing is recommended for the cooler evenings, especially in the highlands. If you’re visiting the lowland areas, such as Dire Dawa or Jigjiga, be prepared for hot conditions during the day. Sun protection, including sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat, is important for protection against the sun.

Travelers planning to hike or explore the Simien Mountains or Ras Dashen should pack appropriate hiking gear, including sturdy boots and rain gear, as conditions can change rapidly in the mountains. Even in March, it can be wet, and the trails can be slippery.

Health and Safety Considerations

Ethiopia is a relatively safe destination for travelers, but it’s important to take certain health precautions. It’s highly recommended to drink bottled water to avoid waterborne illnesses. Be cautious about consuming raw food or drinking unfiltered water, especially in rural areas. Vaccinations for diseases like Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and typhoid are advisable, and it’s important to consult with a travel clinic before your trip.

Given the potential for dust storms, travelers should also carry a face mask or scarf to protect against dust and debris, particularly in the lowland and desert areas.

Travel Disruptions Due to Weather

Although March is generally a pleasant month to visit Ethiopia, travelers should still be prepared for occasional disruptions due to weather. In the highlands, rainfall can make hiking or outdoor activities a bit muddy, and roads may become slippery. In the lowlands, dust storms can reduce visibility, particularly in the desert areas. Always check weather forecasts and road conditions before traveling.

Currency and Economic Considerations

The official currency of Ethiopia is the Ethiopian Birr (ETB). Major cities such as Addis Ababa have access to ATMs and currency exchange services, but in more remote regions, cash may be the only option. It’s a good idea to carry some cash when traveling outside major urban areas.

Things to Do in Ethiopia in March

March is a great time to visit Ethiopia, as the weather is mild and conducive to both urban exploration and outdoor adventures.

Explore Ancient Ruins and Monasteries

Ethiopia is home to some of the oldest and most remarkable historical sites in Africa. In Lalibela, you can visit the famous rock-hewn churches, while in Gondar, you can explore the Royal Enclosure. Axum, the ancient capital, is home to impressive obelisks and ruins that date back to the 1st century AD.

Trekking in the Simien Mountains

For those interested in outdoor adventures, the Simien Mountains National Park is a must-see. March is an ideal time for trekking, as temperatures are cooler, and the rainy season has not yet fully started. The park offers stunning views, wildlife spotting (including the endemic gelada baboon), and the chance to summit Ras Dashen, Ethiopia’s highest peak.

Visit the Rift Valley Lakes

The Rift Valley Lakes in Ethiopia, including Lake Tana and Lake Ziway, offer opportunities for boat tours and birdwatching. Lake Tana, the largest lake in Ethiopia, is also home to ancient monasteries, many of which can be reached by boat. The area offers stunning scenery, with mountains and valleys surrounding the lakes.

Cultural Exploration

Ethiopia’s cultural heritage is rich and diverse, with many opportunities for visitors to learn about traditional Ethiopian life. Visit the Omo Valley to explore indigenous tribes like the Hamar, Mursi, and Karo. These tribes are known for their unique customs, clothing, and rituals.

Visit the Danakil Depression

For adventurous travelers, the Danakil Depression is one of the hottest and most extreme places on Earth. Although conditions can be harsh, the area offers unique landscapes, including volcanic craters, salt flats, and sulfur springs. It’s one of the few places where you can see active volcanic activity and geological formations up close.

Whether you’re interested in hiking, exploring ancient sites, or immersing yourself in local culture, Ethiopia offers a range of activities and experiences perfect for a visit in March.